Saturday, February 7, 2009
Mr Sim Mok Yu - forever a Chinese education teacher(1913-2009)
“服务一生,战斗一世” - 沈慕羽
Pioneer Chinese educationalist, Mr Sim Mok Yu (沈慕羽) passed away on 6-2-2009. He was the adviser of Dong Jiao Zong.He passed away at 9.15p.m. at his Malacca residence at the age of 96.
He was born on 20-7-1913 in Malacca. His father is leader of anti Manchu group (马六甲同盟会)Mr Sim Hong Be(沈鸿柏)。
During 1937,when Japan start the war with China(芦沟桥事变),he was actively involved in anti Japanese activities. Together with his brother , he was detained as prisoner of Japanese army during the World War 2 when Malaya was under Japanese occupation. He was released but his brother passed away in prison.After the war 1945, he was the principal of local Chinese primary school (马六甲华侨公立第一小学校长),he also started the night school(晨钟义务夜学) for the youth who has missed their education during the war. This start his life as Chinese Educationalist until the end of his last second in life.
1946, he was then also politically involved in Komingtang(国民党组织三民主义青年团马六甲支团),but in 1949 he joined newly found MCA under Tun Tan ChengLok(陈祯禄),he was the secretary for the Malacca branch for 7-8 years.
He was also the founder of MCA Youth on 5-5-1955( was known as father of MCA youth-“马青之父”). In 1956,he was awarded a Justice of Peace by the Queen of the Great Britain.
He was removed as member of MCA and his position on 18-10-1966 , due to his active involvement to fight for Chinese language to be one of the official language of Malaysia(发动争取华文为官方语文). The then President of MCA, Tun Tan Siew Sin( 陈修信)was against the campaign.
He was also an ex-ISA detainee.He was detained on 28-10-1987 under Operation Lalang due to his involvement in Chinese education(1987年茅草行动).
But he was awarded a datukship DMSM on 1999 by Malacca state. This acknowledged his contribution to the state as well as the society, as Chinese educationist.
Mr Sim,your life is beautiful(多彩多姿). May your soul rest in peace,your contribution to Chinese Education will be remembered by us, all Chinese education students, regardless of races. We salute you.
If you read Chinese, there is an article from the web site http://www.djz.edu.my/hjdaobao/hj.php?id=328&period=35 which accurately summarised his life.
The following article appeared in the web site http://www.djz.edu.my/hjdaobao. This article provide a details of the contribution Mr Sim had given to our society and the Chinese community.
沈慕羽的四大事业
廖文辉
拿督沈慕羽局绅是马来西亚著名教育家。他一生舍己为群。他的“服务”是多方面的,并不宥于教育,在政治、社会及文化领域也建树卓著。本文拟以沈先生在政治、教育、文化及社会四个层面,分别论述他所付出的心血及贡献。
(一)政治——为语文运动遭开除党籍
1966年2月24日,全国马青代表大会中,沈先生退出全国马青总团长职位的竞选,自动禅让参与竞选的李三春,就是为了全力争取华文列为官方语文。不料功败垂成,沈先生也因此遭开除党籍。
沈先生退党除名是在1966年10月18日,是时马华中央工作委员会举行紧急会议,会中通过两项议决:
(1) 不能支持华文为官方语文,因为斯举有违宪法第152条列巫文为国语及惟一官方语文,拒绝要求华文为官方应用文。
(2) 开除沈慕羽党籍,因为沈慕羽违反党纪,蔑视中央领导。
这一开除也是马华有史以来第一次开除领导层的会员党籍,各地的马青分团为了抗议党中央的议决,纷纷冻结活动,长达两年,使马华几乎陷入瘫痪。
1971年,敦伊斯迈讥刺马华为“半生不死” ,马华经此刺激,仿如大梦乍醒,决定发奋图强,由元老李孝式出面发起华人团结运动。于是年2月7日假联邦酒店召开全马华人领袖座谈会,讨论华人大团结问题。敦陈修信知道沈先生在华人社会中的影响力很大,特地通过副教育部长李孝友电邀沈先生。沈先生再度展现广阔胸襟,坦荡荡的一面,为了民族前途,不计前嫌,毅然赴约。在大会中他发表慷慨激昂的演说,提出七点反建议,认为各民族一律平等,不宜分土著非土著;不宜强制实行一种语文;不宜擅改教学媒介;教育机会均等;救穷应不分种族;禁谈敏感及修宪乃不智之举;议长不应制止代议土发言。
不久,霹雳州中华大会堂响应吉隆坡大会的号召,在2月18日举行全霹雳华人团结大会。沈先生在大会中发表历时一句钟的精辟演说。结果,他惹上官非,遭政府以触犯《煸动法令》提控。这期间经历了无数次的盘问、折磨、拘禁、出庭,案件经过反复的聆审、展延,最终不了了之。
(二)教育——82高龄才辞职
沈先生的一生好像是为华文教育而活,他对华教的贡献,可以分为二类:
(1) 作育英才;(2)捍卫华教。
他21岁执教鞭,办晨钟夜学;战后任三校校长,把平民小学办得有声有色;退休后仍担任晨钟夜学校长。
在捍卫华文教育上,他有三大特色。
第一、以华教为目的,以政治为手段。无疑的,华文教育才是沈先生终极关怀,参政不过是为达华教平等地位的手段,在高官厚禄及华文教育发生矛盾时,他宁舍前者,力保后者。
第二、无役不与,领导时间长。从殖民地时代组织马六甲教师会、教总、马六甲职工会到独立后的语文运动、茅草行动,可说是当代华文教育见证者。
第三、敢怒敢言,不惧强权。1951年多拉星甘欢迎会上,对高官显要发出狮子吼;语文运动与敦拉萨、内政部长、陈修信等的辩驳;招牌风波对副首相的诘难;以及茅草行动无惧审讯官的盘诘,据理力争。
1994年,沈先生以82高龄辞卸教总主席职,但受委为永久顾问一职。这并不意味他从此功成身退,相反的,却扮演精神支柱的角色。在重要集会上,总会发表一段慷慨激昂的精神训话,鼓舞华社士气。
(三)文化——捍卫三保山
沈慕羽先生的成就,主要建立于政治及教育,他在文化上的参与则鲜为人知。但他在文化上的努力,也对大马华人产生影响。
1955年沈先生受委为马六甲华人参事局议员后,即创议设立民众图书馆,并且获得马来亚图书协会的全力支持及协助。此后,民图运动在甲市如火如荼开展,两年内各村县先后设立民图十三所,巫文图书馆一所。
1973年,曾永森国会议员召集汉字简化委员会会议,沈先生为教总代表之一,会议决定大马所推行的简体字应完全以中国之简字为据,只有选择而不自行创造,俾与主流不脱节。
此外,他也针对旧式华文应用文的改革提出他的观点。他认为旧式应用文的辞藻排场,虚伪客套,不加标点,注重格式的弊病,应加以纠正。
除此之外,沈先生也重组马六甲孔教会,身兼多个地缘及血缘组织的职位,积极推动宗乡会馆的业务,参与全国华人文化节等大型文化活动,抗议铲平三保山以供商业用途的行动。
(四)社会——组织职工会
早期沈先生曾致力于社会事业,但着笔不多,仅是昙花一现,主要有两件:
(1)领导青年实践新生活。沈先生曾被选为晨钟励志社青年部总务,倡导新生活运动,鼓吹不抽烟、不打牌、不懒惰、奉公守时运动,同时发扬德、智、体、群、美五育。每逢周末举行精神晚会,有讲演,有表演。星期日清晨7时,则举行严肃的升旗礼,激发爱国情操。
(2)甲华校教师职工会的成立。1952年,沈先生鉴于华校教师之待遇与英校差距甚远,生活清苦,同是从事教育事业,为国培才,乃民族之神圣任务,仓廪不足,怎能尽瘁,惟有成立职工会以争取改善待遇,于是在马六甲首创华校教师职工会,担任主席,不久各州纷纷响应。接着有八州成立同样的职工会,于是乃又联合八州成立全国华校教师职工会(1963) ,假教总为会所,沈先生被选为总会主席。
当职工运动蓬勃时,沈先生曾协助其它行业而成立的职工会,有南马店员职工会、马六甲印务职工会、三轮车工友联合会、鞋业工友联合会等,且被聘为顾问,沈先生可说是马六甲职工运动的先驱。
小结
沈先生的贡献,以教育最大,其次为政治和文化,最后为社会。在政治方面,首创马青,贡献最大;争取母语为官方语文,最为轰动;参加华人团结集会,最能表现君子风范。在教育方面,他除了掌校执教,更重要是他力捍华文教育,不容不合理的剥夺,即使以七十六高龄身陷囹围,也在所不惜。在文化方面,他办报、设图书馆,发扬文化,最终目的在协和友族,团结大马。在社会方面,领导新生活,成立教师职工会,建树不菲。
沈先生一生所为,多彩多姿,而且诚如何启良博士所言:“他一生的经历和遭遇,是80年来华人社会在马来亚承受种种变迁的一个缩影。”当我们回顾80年来的马华社会的变迁,回顾一下沈慕羽80年来的一生事业,我们这一辈马华人能够不砥节行?
2006-08-15
(source: www.djz.edu.my )
For more information on Mr Sim, please visit web site; www.jiaozong.org.my
Talking about Mr Sim Mok Yu, I remembered an old friend from Kelantan,who was the ex-student of Mr Sim. He was Mr Lee Kim Teng,who passed away some time ago. He talk fondly about Mr Sim,and whenever he is in Kota Bharu or Kelantan, he will sure attend the function. He has a Chinese Calligraphy written by Mr Sim proudly hanged in his home in Rantau Panjang. He was a respected lion dance instructor, which is scarce in Kelantan.
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